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PUBLICATIONS
Monographs:
Sachs,
F. (1969). Electrophysiological properties of tissue cultured
heart cells grown in a linear array. Thesis, Upstate Medical
Center, Syracuse, NY.
Journal
Articles:
Beyder, A. and Sachs, F. (2006)
Microfabricated torsion levers optimized for low force and
high-frequency operation in fluids. (Rev. Sci. Inst. In press)
Beyder, A., Spagnoli,
C. and Sachs, F. (2006). Reducing probe dependent drift in
AFM with symmetrically supported torsion levers. (In press)
Beyder, A., Spagnoli, C. and Sachs, F. 2006. Symmetrically
supported torsion levers remove probe dependent AFM drift.
(Rev. Sci. Inst. In press)
Honore, E., A. A.
Patel, J. Chemin, T. Suchyna, and F. Sachs. 2006. Desensitization
of the mechano-gated K2P channels (PNAS in press ).
Beyder, A. and F. Sachs. 2006. Microfabricated torsion cantilevers optimized for low force and high frequency operation in fluids. Ultramicroscopy (in press).
Chess P.R., O'Reilly
M.A., Sachs F., Finkelstein J.NReactive oxidant and p42/44
MAP kinase signaling is necessary for mechanical strain-induced
proliferation in pulmonary epithelial cells. Applied Physiology,
99(3):1226-32 (2005).
Ateya,D., Sachs,F., Gottlieb,P., Besch,S., & Hua,S. A Biosensor for Cell Volume. Analytical Chemistry 77, 1290-1294 (2005).
Milescu,L., Akk,G., & Sachs,F. Maximum likelihood estimation of ion channel kinetics from macroscopic currents. Biophysical J. 88, 2494-2515 (2005).
Yeung, E. W. W. N. P., Suchyna, T. M., Gottlieb, P., Sachs, F. & Allen, D. G. Effects of stretch-activated channel blockers on [Ca2+]i and muscle damage in the mdx mouse. Journal Of Physiology-London 562, 367-380 (2005).
Ostrow, L. & Sachs,
F. Mechanosensation and Endothelin in Astrocytes - potential
roles in reactive gliosis. Brain Research Reviews . Brain
Research Reviews 48, 488-508 (2005).
Ostrow, L. & Sachs, F. Mechanosensation and Endothelin in Astrocytes
- hypothetical roles in CNS pathophysiology. Brain Research
Reviews 48 (2005) 488-508 (2004).
Gottlieb, P., Suchyna,
T. & Sachs, F. Mechanosensitive Ion Channels as Drug Targets.
Current Drug Targets - CNS & Neurological Disorders 3,
287-295 (2004).
Bao, L., Sachs, F. and Dahl, G. (2004). Mechanosensitivity of gap junction hemichannels. AJP 287(5), C1389-C1395.
Suchyna T, Tape SE, Koeppe RE, Andersen OS, Sachs F, Gottlieb P. (2004) Non-chiral effects of a peptide inhibitor of mechanosensitive channels: evidence for a bilayer-dependent mechanism. Nature. 430:235-40.
Markin,V.S. & Sachs, F. Thermodynamics of mechanosensitivity.
Physical Biology 1, 110-124 (2004).
Suchyna,T. and Sachs,F., (2004) Dynamic Regulation of Mechanosensitive Channels; Capacitance Used to Monitor Patch Tension in Real Time, Physical Biology, 1, 1-18.
Ostrow, K.L., Mammoser, A., Suchyna, T., Sachs, F., Oswald,R., Kubo, S., Chino, N., and Gottlieb, P.A. (2003). cDNA sequence and in vitro folding of GsMTx4, a specific peptide inhibitor of mechanosensitive channels. Toxicon , 42, 263-274.
Besch S, Snyder KV, Zhang PC and Sachs F. Adapting the Quesant Nomad atomic force microscope for biology and patch-clamp atomic force microscopy. Cell Biochem Biophys 39: 195-210, 2003
Niu, W. and Sachs,F.
(2003) Dynamic properties of stretch-activated K+ channels
in adult rat atrial myocytes, Prog. Biophys. & Mol. Biol,
82, 121-35.
Snyder,
K., Besch, S., Zhang, P.C., Sachs, F. Hardware and software
modifications of the Quesant AFM for use in biology. Cell
Biochemistry and Biophysics (in press).
Niu,
W. and Sachs, F. (2003) K selective mechanosensitive ion channels
in adult rat atria. (Prog. Biophys. & Mol. Biol, in press).
Niu, W. and Sachs, F. (2003) K selective mechanosensitive
ion channels in adult rat atria. (Prog. Biophys. & Mol.
Biol, 82, 121-135).
Hua,
S. Z., Sachs, F., Yang, D. X., Chopra, H. D. (2002). Microfluidic
actuation using electrochemically generated bubbles. Anal.
Chem 74(24); 6392-6396. Read PDF
Ding,
S. and Sachs, F. (2002) Evidence for non-independent gating
of P2X2 receptors expressed in Xenopus oocytes, BioMedCentral
Neuroscience (http://www.biomedcentral.com/1471-2202/3/17).
Oswald,
R. E., Suchyna, T., McFeeters, R., Gottlieb, P., and Sachs,
F. (2002) Solution Structure of Peptide Toxins that Block
Mechanosensitive Ion Channels. J Biol Chem 277, 34443-34450.
Sachs,
F. Retaining your identity under stress. Nature Structural
Biology 9, 636-637 (2002).
Besch,
S. R., Suchyna, T., and Sachs, F. (2002) High-speed pressure
clamp. Pflugers Archiv-European Journal of Physiology 445,
161-166.
Petrov,
A. G. And Sachs, F. 2002. Flexoelectricity And Elasticity
Of Asymmetric Biomembranes, Phys. Rev. E. Phys. Rev. E 65,
021905-021905-5. Read PDF
Zhang,
P. C., Keleshian, A., Sachs, F. 2001. Voltage-induced membrane
movement, Nature, 413:428-431. Read PDF
Kohl,
P. and Sachs, F. 2001. Modeling Mechano-Electric Feedback
in Cardiac Cells, Philos Trans R Soc Lond B Biol Sci359, 1173-1185.
Bode,
F. Sachs, F. Franz, M. 2001. Tarantula Peptide Inhibits Atrial
Fibrillation During Stretch, Nature 409:35-36. Read PDF
Sachs,
F., C. E. Morris, and O. Hamill. 2000. Does a stretch-inactivated
cation channel integrate osmotic and peptidergic signals?
Nat. Neurosci. 3:847-848.
Ostrow,
L., Langan, T., & Sachs, F. Stretch-induced Endothelin-1
Production by Astrocytes. 2000. The Journal of Cardiovascular
Pharmacology, 36:S274-S277. (voted #1 at International
Conference on Endothelin).
Qin,
F, Auerbach, A., and Sachs, F. 2000. A Direct Optimization
Approach to Hidden Markov Modeling for Single Channel Kinetics.
Biophysical Journal, 79: 1928-1944.
Qin,
F, Auerbach, A., and Sachs, F. 2000 Hidden Markov Modeling
for Single Channel Kinetics with Filtering and Correlated
Noise. Biophysical Journal, 79: 1915-1927.
Suchyna,
T. M., Johnson, J. H., Clemo, H. F., Huang, Z. H., Gage, D.
A., Baumgarten, C. M., and Sachs, F. 2000. Identification
of a peptide toxin from Grammostola spatulata spider venom
that blocks stretch activated channels. J. Gen. Physiol. 115,
583-598. Read PDF
Bett
GCL, Sachs F. 2000a. Activation and inactivation of mechanosensitive
currents in the chick heart. J Membrane Biol 173:237-254.
Bett
GCL, Sachs F. 2000b. Whole-cell mechanosensitive currents
in rat ventricular myocytes activated by direct stimulation.
J Membr Biol 173:255-263.
Niggel
J, Suchyna TM, Sigurdson W, Sachs F. 2000. Mechanically Induced
Calcium Movements in astrocytes and C-6 glioma cells. J Membr
Biol 174:121-134.
Zeng
T, Bett GCL, Sachs F. 2000. Stretch-activated whole-cell currents
in adult rat cardiac myoctes. Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol
278:H548-H557.
Ostrow,
L. and Sachs, F. Stretch-induced Endothelin-1 Production by
Astrocytes. 2000. The Journal of Cardiovascular Pharmacology,
36:S274-S277. (voted #1 at International Conference on Endothelin).
Ding,
S. and Sachs, F. Inactivation and Block of P2X2 Receptors
by Divalent Ions. 2000. J. Physiol. 522(2), 199-214.
Ding,
S. and Sachs, F. Ion Permeation and Block of P2X2 Purinoceptors
From Single Channel Recordings. 1999. J. Membr. Biol. 172,
215-223.
Sachs,
F. Practical limits on the maximal speed of solution exchange
for patch clamp experiments. 1999. Biophys. J. 77: 682-690.
Snyder,
K., Kreigstein, A. and Sachs, F. A convenient electrode holder
for glass pipettes to stabilize electrode potentials, 1999.
Eur. J. Physiology 438: 405-411.
Ding,
S. and Sachs, F. Single Channel Properties of P2X2 Receptors,
J. Gen. Physiol. 113, 695-719.
Sergei
I. Sukharev, Wade J. Sigurdson, Ching Kung and Frederick Sachs,
(1999). Energetic and spatial parameters for gating of the
bacterial large conductance mechanosensitive channel, MscL.
J. Gen. Physiol. 113, 525-539.
Johannes
Akinlaja and Frederick Sachs, 1998. The Breakdown of Cell
Membranes by Electrical and Mechanical Stress, Biophys. J.
75, 247-254.
Mosbacher,
J., Langer, M., Höerber, J.K.H., Sachs, F. 1998. Voltage
dependent membrane displacements measured by atomic force
microscopy , J. Gen Physiol. 111, 65-74.
Sachs,
F. and Morris, C. E. 1998. Mechanical transduction in non-specialized
cells. Reviews of Physiology, Biochemistry, Physiology and
Pharmacology, 132:1-78.
Sachs,
F. 1997. In defense of small science. 1997. Nature, 390, 203.
Hu,
H., and Sachs, F. 1997. Stretch-activated ion channels in
the heart. Cell and Molec. Cardiol. 29, 11511-1523.
Zhang,
B., Sigurdson, W., and Sachs, F. 1997. Storing Analog Data
In A Video Record, Neurosci. Methods 76, 151-155.
Feng,
Q., A. Auerbach, and F. Sachs. 1997. Maximum likelihood estimation
of aggregated Markov processes. Proc. Roy Soc. Lond. B. 264:375-383.
Sachs,
F. 1997. Even distribution of research grants. Nature, 388:
322.
Bett,
G.C.L. and Sachs, F. 1997. Cardiac mechanosensitivity and
stretch activated ion channels. Trends in Cardiovascular Medicine,
7:4-9.
Hu,
H. and F. Sachs. 1996. Mechanically activated currents in
chick heart cells. J. Membr. Biol. 154: 205-216.
Lab,
M. J., P. Taggart, and F. Sachs. 1996. Mechano-electric feedback.
Cardiovas. Res. 32:1-2.
Zabel,
M., B.S. Koller, F. Sachs, and M.R. Franz. 1996. Stretch-induced
changes in the monophasic action potential: importance of
the timing of stretch and implications for stretch-activated
ion channels. Cardiovasc. Res., 32:120-130.
Chen,
Y., S.M. Simasko, J. Niggel, W. J. Sigurdson and F. Sachs.
1996. Ca2+ uptake in GH3 cells during hypotonic swelling:
the sensory role of stretch-activated ion channels. Am. J.
Physiol. 270 (Cell Physiol. 39), C1790-C1798.
Feng,
Q., Auerbach A. & Sachs, F. (1995). Estimating single
channel kinetic parameters from idealized patch-clamp data
containing missed events. Biophys. J. 70,264-280.
Sachs,
F. 1995. A low drift micropipette holder. Eur. J. Physiology.
429:434-435.
Sachs,
F., F. Qin, and P. Palade. 1995. Models of Ca2+ release adaptation.
Science 267:2010-2011.
Diamond,
S.L., F. Sachs, and W.J. Sigurdson. 1994. The mechanically
induced calcium mobilization in cultured endothelial cells
is dependent on actin and phopholipase. Arteriosclerosis and
Thrombosis 14:2000-2009.
Ruknudin,
A., Sachs, F., and Bustamante, J. O. Stretch-activated ion
channels in tissue-cultured chick heart. Am. J. Physiol. 264:H960-H972,
1993.
Sachs,
F. and Feng, Q. Gated, ion selective channels observed with
patch pipettes in the absence of membranes: novel properties
of the gigaseal. Biophys J 65:1101-1107, 1993.
Sachs,
F. NIH funding. Nature 363:578,1993.
Sigurdson,
W. J., Sachs, F., and Diamond, S. L. Mechanical perturbation
of cultured human endothelial cells causes rapid increases
of intracellular calcium. Am. J. Physiol. 264:H1745-H1752,
1993.
Bowman,
C. L., Ding, J. P., Sachs, F., and Sokabe, M. Mechanotransducing
ion channels in astrocytes.. Brain Res. 584:272-286, 1992.
Sigurdson,
W. J., Ruknudin, A., and Sachs, F. Calcium imaging of mechanically
induced fluxes in tissue-cultured chick heart: role of stretch-activated
ion channels. Am. J. Physiol. 262:H1110-H1115, 1992.
Bustamante,
J. O., Ruknudin, A., and Sachs, F. Stretch-activated channels
in heart cells: Relevance to cardiac hypertrophy. J. Cardiovasc.
Pharmacol. 17 Suppl. 2:S110-S113, 1991.
Ding,
J. P., Salvi, R. J., and Sachs, F. Stretch-activated ion channels
in guinea pig outer hair cells. Hearing Res. 56:19-28, 1991.
Izu,
Y. C. and Sachs, F. B-D-Xyloside Treatment Improves Patch
Clamp Seal Formation. Pflugers Arch 419:218-220, 1991.
Jing,
Z. and Sachs, F. Alignment of Tomographic Projections Using
an Incomplete Set of Fiducial Markers. Ultramicroscopy 35:37-43,
1991.
Ruknudin,
A., Song, M. J., and Sachs, F. The ultrastructure of patch-clamped
membranes: a study using high voltage electron microscopy.
J.Cell Biol. 112:125-134, 1991.
Sachs,
F. Mechanical transduction by membrane ion channels: a mini
review. Mol. Cell. Biochem. 104:57-60, 1991.
Sachs,
F. and Lecar, H. Stochastic models for mechanical transduction.
Biophys J 59:1143-1145, 1991.
Sachs,
F., Sigurdson, W., Ruknudin, A., and Bowman, C. Single-channel
mechanosensitive currents. Science 253:800-801, 1991.
Sokabe,
M., Sachs, F., and Jing, Z. Quantitative video microscopy
of patch clamped membranes -stress, strain, capacitance and
stretch channel activation. Biophys. J. 59:722-728, 1991.
Sachs,
F. Stretch-sensitive Ion Channels. The Neurosciences 2:49-57,
1990.
Sachs,
F. and Sokabe, M. Stretch-activated ion channels and membrane
mechanics. Neurosci. Res. Suppl.12:S1-S4, 1990.
Sokabe,
M. and Sachs, F. The structure and dynamics of patch-clamped
membranes: a study by differential interference microscopy.
J.Cell Biol. 111:599-606, 1990.
Yang,
X. -C. and Sachs, F. Characterization of stretch-activated
ion channels in Xenopus oocytes. J. Physiol. (Lond. ) 431:103-122,
1990.
Gao,
X. and Sachs, F. Improving performance of motorized slides
for micromanipulation. J. Neurosci. Methods 28:225-227, 1989.
Yang,
X. and Sachs, F. Block of stretch-activated ion channels in
Xenopus oocytes by gadolinium and calcium Ions. Science 243:1068-1071,
1989.
Sachs,
F. Mechanical transduction in biological systems. Crit. Rev.
Biomed. Eng. 16:141-169, 1988.
Sachs,
F. The intimate sense.. The Sciences Jan/Feb:28-34, 1988.
Sachs,
F. Baroreceptor mechanisms at the cellular level. Fed.Proc.
46:12-16, 1987.
Sachs,
F. Biophysics of mechanoreception. Membrane Biochemistry 6,No.2:173-195,
1986.
Sachs,
F. Mechanical Transduction: Unification? NIPS 1:98-100, 1986.
Guharay,
F. and Sachs, F. Mechanotransducer ion channels in chick skeletal
muscle: the effects of extracellular pH. J. Physiol. (Lond)
353:119-134, 1985.
Auerbach,
A. and Sachs, F. Patch clamp studies of single ionic channels.
Annu. Rev. Biophys. Bioeng. 13:269-302, 1984.
Auerbach,
A. and Sachs, F. Single-channel currents from acetylcholine
receptors in embryonic chick muscle. Kinetic and conductance
properties of gaps within bursts. Biophys. J. 45:187-198,
1984.
Guharay,
F. and Sachs, F. Stretch-activated single ion channel currents
in tissue-cultured embryonic chick skeletal muscle. J. Physiol.
(Lond) 352:685-701, 1984.
Auerbach,
A. and Sachs, F. Flickering of a nicotinic ion channel to
a subconductance state. Biophys. J. 42:1-10, 1983.
Demjanenko,
V. and Sachs, F. Computer controlled voltage clamp. Med. Biol.
Eng. Comput. 21:650-653, 1983.
Sachs,
F. and Auerbach, A. Single-channel electrophysiology: use
of the patch clamp. Methods. Enzymol. 103:147-176, 1983.
Sachs,
F., Neil, J., and Barkakati, N. The automated analysis of
data from single ionic channels. Pflugers. Arch. 395:331-340,
1982.
Sachs,
F. and Specht, P. Fast microelectrode headstage for voltage
clamp. Med. Biol. Eng. Comput. 19:316-320, 1981.
Sachs,
F. Microforge modifications useful for construction of micropipettes
to record the response of single ionic channels from living
cells. J. Neurosci. Methods 2:267-271, 1980.
Sachs,
F. and McGarrigle, R. An almost completely shielded microelectrode.
J. Neurosci. Methods 3:151-157, 1980.
Nelson,
D. J. and Sachs, F. Single ionic channels observed in tissue
cultured muscle. Nature 282:861-863, 1979.
Sachs,
F. Electrophysiological properties of tissue cultured heart
cells grown in a linear array. J. Membrane Biol. 28:373-399,
1976.
Sachs,
F. and Feinman, R. Spin-labelled human platelets. Thrombosis
Res. 8:43-50, 1976.
Sachs,
F. and Latorre, R. Cytoplasmic solvent structure of single
barnacle muscle cells studied by electron spin resonance.
Biophys. J. 14:316-326, 1974.
Sachs,
F. and Lecar, H. Acetylcholine noise in tissue culture muscle
cells. Nature New Biology 246:214-216, 1973.
Bortoff,
A. and Sachs, F. Electronic properties of slow waves in circular
muscle of small intestine. Am. J. Physiol. 218:576-581, 1970.
Others:
Beyder,
R., Spagnoli, C., and Sachs, F. (2006). Reducing probe dependent
drift in atomic force microscope with symmetrically supported
torsion levers. Review of Scientific Instruments. 77 (1).
Sachs,
F. Probing the double layer: effect of image forces on AFM.
Biophysical Journal-Biophysical Letters. L01-L03.
Bao,
L., Dahl, G., and Sachs, F. Connexins are mechanosensitive.
Beyder,
A. and Sachs, F. Voltage-induced displacements in Shaker-transfected
HEK cells.
Book
Chapters:
Sachs,
F. Mechanoelectric transduction in the heart, in From Cell
to Bedside (cardiology text) Ed. Jalife and Zipes (in press).
Snyder,
K.V., Sachs, F., Brownell, W.E. (2002). The Outer Hair Cell:
A Mechanoelectrical and Electromechanical Sensor/Actuator.
In, Sensors and Sensing in Biology and Engineering. Edited
by F.G. Barth, J.A.C. Humphrey, T. Secomb, Academic Press,
NY (in press).
Snyder,
K., Zhang, P.C., Sachs, F. (2001). Dynamic AFM of Patch Clamped
Membranes. In 'Ion Channel Localization Method and Protocols',
Ed. C.G. Nichols & A. Lopatin, in series 'Methods of Pharmacology
and Toxicology', Humana Press, 425-459.
Sachs,
F. 1997. Mechanical transduction by ion channels: how forces
reach the channel, In, Cytoskeletal regulation of membrane
function, Ed. S.C. Froehner and V. Bennet, Rockefeller Univ.
Press. 209-218.
Sachs,
F. 1994. Mechanically sensitive ion channels: biological models
for nanoscale transducers. In Nondestructive evaluation of
materials VI. R.E. Green, editor. Plenum Press, NY. 621-628.
Sachs,
F. Modeling mechanical-electrical transduction in the heart.
In: Cell Mechanics and Cellular Engineering, edited by V.
C. Mow. New York: Springer Verlag, 1994, p 308-328.
Yang,
X. C. and Sachs, F. Mechanically sensitive, non-selective,
cation channels. In: Non-selective ion channels, edited by
D. Siemen and J. Hescheler. Heidelberg: Springer-Verlag, 1993,
p. 79-92.
Sachs,
F. Stretch sensitive ion channels: an update. In: Sensory
Transduction, edited by D. P. Corey and S. D. Roper. NY: Rockefeller
Univ. Press, Soc. Gen. Physiol., 1992, p. 241-260.
Sokabe,
M. and Sachs, F. Towards a molecular mechanism of activation
in mechanosensitive ion channels. In: Advances in Comparative
and Environmental Physiology, v10, edited by F. Ito. Berlin:
Springer-Verlag, 1992, p. 55-77.
Sachs,
F. Ion Channels as Mechanical Transducers. In: Cell Shape:
Determinants, Regulation and Regulatory Role, edited by W.
D. Stein and F. Bronner. San Diego, NY, Berkeley, Boston:
Academic Press, 1989, p. 63-92.
Auerbach,
A., Sachs, F., Neil, J., and McGarrigle, R. Temperature measurement
and control of small volumes: applications for single channel
recording.. In: Methods in Enzymology, 124 Neuroendocrine
peptides., edited by P. M. Conn. New York: Academic Press,
1986, p. 190-206.
Sachs,
F. Mechanotransducing Ion Channels. In: Ionic Channels in
Cells and Model Systems, edited by R. Latorre. Plenum Pub.Corp.,
1986, p. 181-193.
Auerbach,
A. and Sachs, F. High resolution patch clamp techniques..
In: Voltage Clamping with Microelectrodes, edited by T. Smith.
American Physiological Soc., 1985, p. 121-150.
Neil,
J., McGarrigle, R., and Sachs, F. Automation of Microelectrode
Shielding. In: Voltage Clamping with Microelectrodes, edited
by T. Smith. American Physiological Soc., 1985, p. 43-45.
Sachs,
F. Automated analysis of single channel data. In: Single channel
recording, edited by B. Sakmann and E. Neher. New York: Plenum
Press, 1983, p. 265-285.
Sachs,
F. Is the acetylcholine receptor a unit conductance channel?.
In: Single Channel Recording, edited by B. Sakmann and E.
Neher. New York: Plenum Press, 1983, p. 365-376.
Lecar,
H. and Sachs, F. Membrane Noise Analysis. In: Excitable Cells
in Tissue Culture, edited by P. Nelson and M. Lieberman. Acad.Press,
1981,
Sachs,
F. Cytoplasmic viscosity. In: Magnetic resonance in colloid
and interface science, Am.Chem.Soc., 1977, p. 504-515.
Patents
and Inventions:
F.
Sachs, S. Hua, H.D. Chopra, 2002. Bubble based chip sensor
technology (provisional applied for).
S.
Hua, H.D. Chopra, F. Sachs, 2002. Method to make microfluidic
systems and components without moving mechanical parts. (provisional
patent awarded).
F.
Sachs, L. Ostrow, T. Suchyna, 2001. A peptide to treat brain
trauma and pathology, UB disclosure.
F.
Sachs, L. Ostrow, T. Suchyna, 2001. A peptide to treat diseases
related to the overproduction of endothelin, UB disclosure.
F.
Sachs, L. Ostrow, T. Suchyna, 2001. A peptide to treat gliomas
of astrocytic origin.UB disclosure.
F.
Sachs, L. Ostrow, T. Suchyna, 2001. A peptide to treat brain
trauma and pathology, UB disclosure.
F.
Sachs, 2001, Method to prevent arrhythmias during cardiac
catheterization, UB disclosure.
S.
Besch, F. Sachs, 2001. High speed pressure servo, UB disclosure
submitted, ALA Scientific in production.
F.
Sachs, T. Suchyna, 2000. A peptide to block mechanically activated
ion channels, Provisional 60/195,528.
Beyder,
A., Sachs.F. 2000. Hinged Cantilever for Atomic Force Microscopy
in Fluids(provisional 60/213,973).
Beyder,
A., Sachs.F. 2000. Microfabricated perfusion tips for high
speed solution exchange (submitted).
Sachs,
F., Lampe, R. Antiarrhythmic Peptide for Venom of Spider Grammostola
spatula, US Patent 5,968,838
Sachs,
F., Lampe, R. Antiarrhythmic peptide from venom of spider
Grammostola spatulata. US Patent 5,756,663.
Sachs,
F. and McGarrigle, R. Microelectrodes and process for shielding
same. Patent 4,452,249.
Sachs,
F., Neil, J. and McGarrigle, R. Microelectrode fabricating
apparatus. Patent4,247,483.
Sachs,
F., and Demjanenko, V. Apparatus for producing glass tubing
of a narrowed diameter. Patent 4,818,266. Licensed to Sutter
Instruments.
Sachs,
F., and Demjanenko, V. Method for producing glass tubing of
a narrowed diameter. Patent 4,828,599.
Auerbach,
A., Sachs, F., Neil, J., and McGarrigle, R. Method and apparatus
for heating and controlling the temperature of ultra small
volumes. Patent 4,695,709.
Sachs,
F. Micro-thermometer. Patent 4,613,238.
Softwares:
QuB,
www.qub.buffalo.edu
IPROC,
a program to analyze single channel data. F. Sachs, C. Lingle
and J. Neil. Licensed to Axon Instruments.
CSIM,
an simulator for ionic channels. F. Sachs, X.H.Ping, J. Neil
and A. Auerbach. Licensed to Axon Instruments.
LPROC,
a program for high order analysis of single channel data.
A. Auerbach, J. Neil, X. Zhang and F. Sachs. Licensed to Axon
Instruments.
TACIT,
an image processing library in 2 and 3 dimensions for the
SUN/TAAC accelerator. Z. Jing and F. Sachs. Licensed through
SUNY.
SKM,
MIL, MPL, MSEARCH, SELECT,PRE, MODELMERGE, SELECT software
to idealizeand to quantitate the kinetics of single channel
data. F. Qin, A. Auerbach, F. Sachs. www.qub.buffalo.edu
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